Case Discussion of Renal Failure Requiring CRRT/IHD

Easy Topics For Argumentative Essay

Easy Topics For Argumentative EssayEasy topics for argumentative essay are crucial to passing your college admission test and getting accepted into your dream school. But first, let's see why it is important to write an essay at all.When you compose a persuasive essay, you must make your point clearly and persuasively. And, the best way to do this is to discuss the topic or subject matter. But what if you don't have time to spend with your friends and family discussing what is going on in your life? What if you don't know where to start?There are many subjects to write about and topics to write about in college, but many students are looking for a creative way to make their arguments. They may not be able to find a good topic for argumentative essay because they are afraid that it will take too much time. And in college, time is limited.It can be difficult to decide which topic or essay is going to be used to create a compelling essay. There are so many easy topics for argumentative essay and you can choose from them.One of the easiest easy topics for argumentative essay is the topic of gossip. Gossip is very common in society, but you must understand that your essay will be more convincing if you will use this as your starting point. In your essay, you must give reasons why you think a certain issue or subject matter is worthy of discussion.Another of the easy topics for argumentative essay is the topic of religion. Religion is often the topic of debate in society. You must be able to show that you have an understanding of what the religion means to you.And, the most common topic for argumentative essay is the subject of relationships. Relationship is a sensitive topic that you must be careful in writing. You need to make sure that you write the essay in a way that will convince your reader to agree with you.The topics you choose to write about can go a long way towards improving your chances of passing your college admission test. You may even come up with so me topics you never thought you would try to write about.

8 Financial Tips for Freelancers

8 Financial Tips for Freelancers 8 Financial Tips for Freelancers 8 Financial Tips for FreelancersWorking freelance means being prepared to hustle for your next gig, save money to cover late payments, and maybe even becoming a corporation!We’re going to let you in on a little secret: The “we” who collectively bring you the OppLoans Financial Sense blog have some experience with freelance writing. And that’s how we can definitively tell you that freelance writingâ€"and freelance work in generalâ€"is truly a land of contrasts.On the one hand, you’ll likely have a higher degree of freedom about how you structure your time. On the other hand, your situation will likely be much more precarious. A salaried position might be more restrictive when it comes to your work week, but the regular paycheck and (if you have them) benefits can lead to more financial freedom overall.That’s why we spoke to the experts to find out how freelancers can even the odds and improve their financial situation.1. Track your spending.Everyone should keep track of wh at they spend. But it’s especially important if you have irregular income, as many freelancers do.“You should start tracking your spending with whatever method you’re most likely to stick withâ€"write it down, use an Excel sheet, or install a convenient app,” advised Michael Minter, managing partner of Mintco Financial. “At the end of the month, you can view your financial history and determine where you could have saved more.”And speaking of saving more…2. Build up your savings.As with tracking your spending, everyone should have an emergency fund, but it’s absolutely vital for freelancers. You may not always know when your next check will come, and financial emergencies can happen regardless of the whims of your clients’ payroll departments.“Create an emergency fund so you dont have to borrow at high rates when an unexpected expense comes up,” suggested Ilene Davis, CFP(R), MBA, and author of Wealthy by Choice:  Choosing your Way to a Wealthier Future. “Pu t enough into savings to cover two months of bills.”Lacking an emergency fund is one of the main reasons people find themselves stuck with no credit check loans,  payday loans, and cash advances during times of financial stress. The more you can save, the more secure your finances will beâ€"whether youre a freelancer  or  not.3. Always be outreaching.When work isn’t guaranteed, you want to create as many possibilities for yourself as you can. You’re essentially always applying for jobs, and as is the case whenever you’re applying for jobs, it comes down to a numbers game. You may have to send out dozens of messages to get one response.“The most important tip is to market even when youre busy,” Linda Formichelli, longtime freelance content writer and journalist, told us. “Too often, freelancers do a lot of marketing, get busy with work, and stop marketing. Then they turn in all the assignments and … they have no more work on their schedule. At all. Its key to carve o ut time for marketing no matter how busy you are, so youll always have money coming in.“If youre truly overwhelmed with paying assignments, you might just reach out to old clients letting them know your schedule will be opening up soon, connect with prospects on LinkedIn, or repurpose pitches that never sold.”But dont just go harder with your outreach. Work smarter, as well, be prioritizing outreach to some potential clients over others.“Target clients that will provide work on a regular, repeated basis,” suggested Janet Attard, founder of BusinessKnowHow.com. “These will vary depending on what you do, but if you manage social media for companies, for instance, you’d want to look for companies big enough to needâ€"and be able to pay youâ€"on an ongoing basis for some substantial number of hours of work a month.The reason: startups and small businesses that want small jobs done on an occasional basis often take up a lot of unbillable time, partly because of the number of small invoices you’ll need to send out and then make sure you collect. They may also need a lot of handholding.”4. Dont shortchange yourself.You can’t be afraid to make your quote as high as it needs to be.“Price your services to cover your overhead,” advised Abbey Woodcock, creator of The Business of Copy. “Just because you made $20/hr at your full-time job, doesn’t mean you should price your service at $20/hr. You need to factor in things like payment processing fees, software and tech you maintain, etc.Understand your numbers. How much of your fee goes to taxes? What percentage of your time are you spending finding clients? (You don’t get paid for this time so your rates need to cover it). Are you saving for retirement? Do you have a plan for time off/vacations?”Oh, and speaking of taxes 5. Tax attacks.When youre a freelancer, your client/employer likely wont be deducting anything from your check to cover taxes. Youre expected to do that yourself. As such, being a freelancer can mean getting hit with a huge bill come tax time.One way to offset the pain at tax time is to have a separate fund in addition to your emergency fund you can use to prepare for said tax bill. Here’s how Minter put it:“When you’re self-employed, you’re in charge of sorting your own taxes, the last thing you want is a huge tax bill to hit you by surprise. Put a percentage of your earnings away and don’t touch them, so when it comes to that time of the year, you’re ready with the money.”6. Go corporate.  If youre looking to minimize your tax burden, you could also look into becoming a corporation.“I’m an attorney, and also work to help businesses get started,” Deborah Sweeney, CEO of MyCorporation.com  explained. “We work with many freelancers who are finding it a financial benefit to incorporate (S-Corporation) so that they can have write-offs and put themselves on payroll for FICA tax savings.Many freelancers also see the benefit in protecting t heir personal assets by forming a separate corporate entity under which they perform their business services. This is a great way to protect yourself, manage your assets, and save on taxes.Organizing your business structure is also a great way to obtain more business and present a professional business to potential clients and customers. Freelancers give a professional sense about themselves when their business and corporate structure are established.”Of course, regardless of whether you officially incorporate or not, each freelancer is a business in some sense. And that means…7. Get your money.No business can survive unless it is actually getting paid for the services it offers. Which is why, above all else, you need to make sure you’re actually getting paid for the work you’re doing for clients. And, unfortunately, it isn’t always easy.Paul Gordon, a consultant with the Kinum  collection agency, gave us a detailed overview: “Getting paid is a resource-intensive task fo r most businesses. For most businesses that I work with, providing a convenient way for customers to pay is a critical step in receiving that payment. This generally means an online payment method like a web portal or payment system.Also necessary for this is enough communication with the customer to get the customer to take action and pay their bill. One statement every 30 days in a mailbox is a recipe for disaster. Customers with balances due need to be communicated with every few days, using more than one communication channel.“There is no substitute for acting early for both collecting the amount due and keeping the customer. In order to collect a debt (regardless of how old it is) there are only three ways to communicate with that customer: phone, mail, or the customer comes into the business.“It is always a good idea to get an agreement on payment in writing and signed by the customer. If the customer challenges the debt with an agency, the agency will typically ask for do cumentation. A signed agreement carries more weight than a ledger.”8. Be strategic with your invoicing.When youre a freelancer, youre basically your own collections agency. And while you have to remain persistent, you also dont want to be so aggressive that the company decides to not work with again. Maintaining that balance will be key.“If you’re doing work for   or bigger clients, ask, how long they normally take to pay,” suggested Attard. “And be sure you know who needs to get the invoice, so you get paid on a timely basis. If you’ll be doing a big job for a company (ie, something that will tie up a significant amount of your time) ask to be paid in stages. Get money up front to start the job, another payment halfway through the job and the final payment made when you finish the job.“Send out invoices as soon as a job is done. Don’t wait for the end of the month. The sooner you send out invoices the sooner you’ll be paid. Plus, if you wait until the end of the month you may miss the window during which the company cuts checks for vendors and have to wait an additional month for payment. Consider accepting credit cards. Some customer will pay sooner if they can charge your services.”Being a freelancer is tough. But hopefully, these tips will help you keep your money on track. To learn more about managing your finances, check out these related posts from OppLoans:What’s the Quickest Way to Fix Bad Credit?From Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your MoneyThe (Comprehensive) Couple’s Guide To Budgeting8 Ways To Save Money Today, Tomorrow and Every Day AfterWhat are your best tips for living the freelance life? We want to hear from you! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsJanet Attard (@JanetAttard) is a small business expert, author, and CEO of the  website Business Know-How ®.Ilene Davis is a CFP(R), MBA and author of  Wealthy by Choice:  Choosing your Way to a Wealthier Future. She has 35 years experience as a finan cial professional helping clients create a more secure financial future, better understand investing, and make wealth enhancing choices.Linda Formichelli is has been a full-time freelance writer and journalist since 1997.Paul Gordon  has worked in both insurance and healthcare industries.  First with insurance, building systems and process for paying health insurance premiums to employee plans to building a call center for all enterprise employees. In healthcare, Paul has been a practice administrator for multi-provider and location practices, responsible for all aspects of practice operations. Now, Paul is helps practices with all nature of operational consulting including, revenue cycle and improved workflow processes.Michael Minter is a managing partner of  Mintco Financial (@MintcoFinancial). He has written a book, been on TV, written articles, spoken at seminars, schools, and colleges. His dream is to reach as many people as he can to teach about a Personal Financial Plan.Debo rah Sweeney (@deborahsweeney) is the CEO of MyCorporation.com (@mycorporation). MyCorporation is a leader in online legal filing services for entrepreneurs and businesses, providing start-up bundles that include corporation and LLC formation, registered agent, DBA, and trademark copyright filing services. MyCorporation does all the work, making the business formation and maintenance quick and painless, so business owners can focus on what they do best.Abbey Woodcock has been a direct response copywriter since 7th grade when she wrote a 30-page sales letter asking her crush to the dance with dismal results. Since then, shes converted better writing sales pages and emails youve probably read from some of the biggest names online. Now she helps other freelancers build and grow amazing businesses at  BusinessofCopy.com.

Why Journalism Ethics and Objectivity Matter

Recently, a journalism student from the University of Maryland interviewed me about journalism ethics. He asked probing and insightful questions that made me really think about the subject, so Ive decided to post his queries and my answers here. What Is the Importance of Ethics in Journalism? Because of the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the press in this country is not regulated by the government. But that makes journalistic ethics all the more important, for the obvious reason that with great power comes great responsibility. One need only look to cases where journalistic ethics have been breached  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  for example, fabulists like Stephen Glass or the 2011 phone-hacking scandal in Britain  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  to see the implications of unethical news practices. News outlets must regulate themselves, not only to maintain their credibility with the public but also because they run the risk of the government attempting to do so. What Are the Biggest Ethical Dilemmas? Theres often a lot of discussion about whether journalists should be objective or tell the truth as if these were contradictory goals. When it comes to discussions like these, a distinction must be made between issues in which a quantifiable kind of truth can be found and issues in which there are gray areas. For instance, a reporter might do a story surveying statistics about the death penalty in order to discover whether it acts as a deterrent. If the statistics show dramatically lower homicide rates in states with the death penalty, then that might seem to indicate that it is indeed an effective deterrent or vice versa. On the other hand, is the death penalty just? Thats a philosophical issue thats been debated for decades, and the questions it raises cant really be answered by objective journalism. For a journalist, finding the truth is always the ultimate goal, but that can be elusive. Has the Concept of Objectivity Changed? In recent years, the idea of objectivity has been derided as a fixture of the so-called legacy media. Many of the digital pundits argue that true objectivity is impossible and therefore, journalists should be open about their beliefs and biases as a way of being more transparent with their readers. I disagree with this view, but its certainly one that has become influential, especially with newer online news outlets. Do Journalists Prioritize Objectivity? I think objectivity is still valued at most news outlets, particularly for the so-called hard news sections of newspapers or websites. People forget that much of a daily newspaper consists of opinion in editorials, arts and entertainment reviews, and in the sports section. But I think most editors and publishers, and readers for that matter, still value having on impartial voice when it comes to hard news coverage. I think its a mistake to blur the lines between objective reporting and opinion, but thats certainly happening, most notably on the cable news networks. What Is the Future of Objectivity in Journalism? I think the idea of impartial reporting will continue to have value. Certainly, the anti-objectivity proponents have made inroads, but I dont think objective news coverage is going to disappear anytime soon.

Audit Program, Materiality, and Rent Holiday Essay - 1

Essays on Audit Program, Materiality, and Rent Holiday Essay The paper "Audit Program, Materiality, and Rent Holiday" is a brilliant example of an essay on finance and accounting. Audit Program:The audit program is complete guidance regarding the evaluation process of businesses. It includes instructions on what and how much amount of data as evidence should be collected and analyzed. Further who will collect and analyze the data. Firstly all the accounting principles are understood and then audit strategy is formalized. It portrays an understanding and insights about the system and it is a fusion of mix of compliance which is basically tests of control and some other substantive tests that the auditors intend to do. The major purpose is to assist the performance of audit, record and control the implementation of audit, record all the objectives, purposes, procedures, sample size, timing and the basis of selection and it serves as evidence to the opinion of one performing an audit (Arter).Materiality:Materiality refers to the qualitative and quantitative omissions or misstatements which make it apparent verdict that influence the decision making of users that are mostly taken on the basis of financial statements.   It is mostly related to all the important errors, balances, transactions and errors which are a part of financial statements. Therefore, it defines all the verge and limit points after which the financial statements become significant to the users. So the information which is a part of financial statements has to be sufficient and complete in all the material aspects in order for them to signify an actual and fair presentation of the business (Accounting-Simplified.com).Rent Holiday:Rent holiday is a free or highly reduced rent for some specific time and that time period must not exceed twenty-four months. This rent is allocated in the lease for this mentioned period. Qualifying as a rent holiday depends on many things such as the number of months, the term of the lease, the amount reduced and the escalation clauses regarding the future rent payments keeping market conditions in the consideration (Bailey and Gaulin).The rent holiday has to be treated and recognized on an equal basis over the life of the lease, unlike the operating leases that do not affect the company’s balance sheet. The difference between rent expense and the rent actually paid is calculated and is considered as a deferred liability if the rents in the lease are increasing but if the rents are decreasing then it is taken as an asset. The future commitments are mentioned in the footnotes to the financial statements whether they are related to the capital or to the operations ( Financial Computer Systems, Inc).Audit Program Final:The audit program is final when the consideration of an entity’s internal program is complete. It should clearly define the scope of the audit and it should obtain the cooperation of all the auditees. Further, the team of auditors is formed up with the defined leading auditor, the audit plan has gained approval and has become a part of organization set of policies, it clearly reflects the all the purposes and objectives of audit and a report presenting all these are prepared by the audit program manager then the audit program is final and ready to launch (Kausek).

Writing About Literature Free Essays

In the stories â€Å"The Frog Prince† by Gustaf Tenggren and â€Å"Hazel Tells LaVerne† by Katharyn Machan are both very similar stories with relation to a frog. The one thing that seems to jump out to the reader is that one story takes place in a totally different time period than the other. Two comparisons that will be made in my story will be the main focus on the frog character and how time is such a big setting or difference from one story to the other. We will write a custom essay sample on Writing About Literature or any similar topic only for you Order Now The poem version of this frog prince â€Å"hazel Tells LaVerne† is told in past tense meaning the story had taken place the night before and the narrator is telling the story by what had happened while she was at work. As I read this story I quickly realized this had to have taken place in our present day and time because of the description told in the story about her cleaning of a toilet. Obviously the narrator sounded as if she wasn’t very much educated at all from the sounds of her talking. However, the author was very clever because she sounds as if she is trying to continue the actual story of â€Å"The Frog Prince† to a now modern day story of what would most likely occur today. In the actual fairy tale â€Å"The Frog Prince† details get very specific for this story is the actual and original story of â€Å"The Frog Prince†. The golden ball is key mentionable item in this story because its also mentioned in the poem†Hazel Tells Laverne†. Princess made a promise with a frog she came across in a well which was if the frog had gotten her ball she would bring the frog back to her castle, feed him, and sleep with him. She eventually broke her promises thinking because she had her ball after the frog retrieved it she didn’t have to follow up on the promise she made. The frog went to the castle told the king for he knew a word is someone’s word so she must follow through forcing her to do so. Princess got sick of it threw the frog into a wall but not least and a spell occurred and she turned into a frog and he a prince. The golden ball was mentioned in both stories which was why I assumed that maybe the poem was a continuation of the original fairy tale. Both stories had a frog prince which is why I will also conclude that maybe Katharyn Machan wrote the poem she did to make a shorter, more of modern day story of â€Å"The Frog Prince†, and maybe she wants to make a statement by how oblivious our society is today as to what it was hundreds of years ago. Both were very interesting stories in that they both had a different meaning and served a different purpose for not only the author but for the reader. It depends on how you perceive the message in the stories and this is how the story was presented to me which answers why I wrote what I did for my comparison between the two stories. How to cite Writing About Literature, Papers

Teenage Wasteland By Anne Tyler Essay Example For Students

Teenage Wasteland By Anne Tyler Essay Building Blocks of a FamilyThe short story Teenage Wasteland by Anne Tyler is a revealing story about the trials of a mother and her son. Donny is what is known as a problem child, and Daisy cannot to seem to figure out what his problem is. Through many attempts she tries to reach to him through counselors, and outside help. This story reveals a lack of communication, feelings of inadequacy, and lack of parental control. Daisy reminisces on what Donny used to look like. He used to have blond hair -almost white- cut shorter than the other childrens so that on his crown a little cowlick always stood up to catch the light (Schwiebert 286). Times changed, and so did Donny. As he grew older, his hair grew darker, and he wore it longer past his collar even (Schwiebert 286). Danny is having some problems at school. It seems that he does not concentrate, or put forth the right amount of effort. Daisy learns from Donnys principal that Donny was noisy, lazy, and disruptive (Schwiebert 287). Daisy explains to the principal that her and her husband, Matt, have tried what they can. We dont let him watch TV on school nights. We dont let him talk on the phone till hes finished his Cox-2homework. But he tells us that he doesnt have any homework or he did it all in study hall. How are we to know what to believe? (Schwiebert 287) The principal gives Daisy the idea to check his assignments everyday. This wears down on Daisy and she becomes less involved in her daughters life, and short towards her husband. By the time her husband, Matt, came home, shed be snappish. She would recite the days hardships Matt would look surprised and confused, and Daisy would gradually wind down. There was no way, really, to convey how exhausting all this was. (Schwiebert 287) The lines of communication were broken. People were frustrated, and couldnt express themselves the way they should have. Especially Donny. In December, the school called again. This time they wanted Matt to come as well. (Schwiebert 287) Donny had run into more trouble. He had cut classes on at least three occasions. Smoked in the furnace room. Helped Sonny Barnett break into a freshmans locker. And last week, during athletics, he and three friends had been seen off school grounds; when they returned, the coach had smelled beer on their breath. (Schwiebert 287) Had anything that Daisy was doing getting through to him? Was it her fault? Had she really done all that she could have? She longed she ached for a time machine. Given one more chance, shed do it perfectly (Schwiebert 288) Daisy felt useless. She carried all the blame, and thought that she was the reason for Donnys downfall. Maybe if she had done things differently, it wouldnt be this way. It was arranged that Donny would visit a psychologist for testing. Daisy felt beaten. We will write a custom essay on Teenage Wasteland By Anne Tyler specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Cox-3The psychologist said Donny had no serious emotional problems. He was merely going through a difficult period in his life. He required some academic help and a better sense of self-worth. The psychologist recommended Calvin Beadle, a tutor with considerable psychological training. (Schwiebert 288) Cals presence is welcomed at first. Just look at Donnys face when they picked him up: alight and full of interest. (Schwiebert 289) Slowly he begins maneuvering into the aspects of Donnys life. The tutor had set down so many rules! They were not allowed any questions at all about any aspect of school, nor were they to speak with his teachers. (Schwiebert 290) Cal was eliminating them from Donnys life. Daisy did not notice this until she received a concerned phone call from one of Donnys teachers. The teacher explained that Donnys grades were not getting any better since the tutor, and that hey were better when she was involved with his homework. When Daisy explains to her that that the tutor handles these things now, the teacher replies, I always deal directly with that parents. You are the parent, Miss Evans said slowly and distinctly. (Scwiebert 290) As Donny spends more time with Cal, the problems seem to increase. Then one day Daisy receives a call that Donny has been expelled from school due to some contents that were found in his locker. Instead of heading home, Donny finds his way to Cals. Daisy has now lost control of her son. Donny no longer takes her seriously, or sees her as a parental figure. Eventually, Daisy and Matt remove Donny from Cals tutoring, and send him to a public school. This breaks off any control that they might have had left. .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 , .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .postImageUrl , .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 , .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:hover , .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:visited , .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:active { border:0!important; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:active , .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9 .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7e90966d008ea46f42430e871ea734f9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 4)The Application of Science to Engineering EssayCox-4After everything, Donny runs away. The first week in June, during final exams, Donny vanished. The cops told Daisy that if Donny wanted to come that he would. Evidently, Donny didnt want to. (Schwiebert 292) Which one of the building blocks feel through? Which one was not there to keep Donny there? At night, daisy lies awake and goes over Donnys life. She is trying to figure out what went wrong, where they made their first mistake.(Schwiebert 294)English Essays

Abolish the Death Penalty essays

Abolish the Death Penalty essays The death penalty is a major issue that brings up a lot of arguments in our society. The most important question concerning the death penalty is whether it should be abolished or not. I think that the death penalty is the ultimate denial of human rights. It violates the right to life as proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It is the ultimate cruel, inhuman, and degrading punishment. Race, social and economic status, location of crime, and pure chance may be deciding factors in death sentencing. In addition, prosecutors seek the death penalty far more frequently when the victim of the homicide is white than when the victim is black. The actual cost of an execution is substantially higher than the cost of imprisoning a person for life. Death was formerly the penalty for all felonies in English law. In practice the death penalty was never applied as widely as the law provided, as a variety of procedures were adopted to decrease the harshness of the law. Many offenders who committed capital crimes were pardoned, usually on condition that they agreed to be transported to what were then the American colonies; others were allowed what was known as benefit of clergy(Ploski 2). The beginning of benefit of clergy was that offenders who were established priests were subject to trial by the church courts rather than the non-religious courts. If the offender convicted of a felony could show that he had be ordained, he was allowed to go free, subject to the possibility of being punished by the ecclesiastical courts. In medieval times the only proof of ordination was literacy, and it became the custom by the 17th century to allow anyone convicted of a felony to escape the death sentence by In 18th-century England concern with rising crime led to many statutes either extending the number of offenses punishable with death or doing away with benefit of clergy for existing fel...

Robert Fultons Steamboat Clermont

Robert Fulton's Steamboat Clermont Robert Fultons steamboat the Clermont was undoubtedly the pioneer of practical steamboats. In 1801, Robert Fulton partnered with Robert Livingston to build the Clermont. Livingston had received a monopoly on steam navigation on the rivers of New York State for twenty years, provided that he produced a steam-powered vessel able to travel four miles an hour. Construction of the Clermont Robert Fulton arrived at New York in 1806 and began the construction of the Clermont, named after Robert Livingstons estate on the Hudson river. The building was done on the East River in New York City. However, the Clermont was then the butt of jokes of passersby, who nicknamed it Fultons Folly. Launch of the Clermont On Monday, August 17, 1807, the first voyage of the Clermont was begun. Carrying a party of invited guests, the Clermont steamed off at one oclock. Pine wood was the fuel. At one oclock Tuesday the boat arrived at Clermont, 110 miles from New York City. After spending the night at Clermont, the voyage was resumed on Wednesday. Albany, forty miles away, was reached in eight hours, making a record of 150 miles in thirty-two hours. Returning to New York City, the distance was covered in thirty hours. The steamboat Clermont was a success. The boat was then laid up for two weeks while the cabins were built, a roof built over the engine, and coverings placed over the paddle-wheels to catch the water spray. Then the Clermont began making regular trips to Albany, carrying sometimes a hundred passengers, making the round trip every four days and continued until floating ice marked the break for winter. Clermont Builder - Robert Fulton Robert Fulton was one of the most important figures in early American technology. Before his steamboat Clermont first ascended the Hudson River in 1807, he worked for years in England and France on industrial development, especially inland navigation and the cutting of canals, and built a submarine.

Evidence-based Practice in Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Evidence-based Practice in Healthcare - Essay Example It is now a nursing competence criterion to rely on and implement best evidence available from relevant research to devise the care plan. This is expected to base on critical review of research and synthesis of evidence which can be used to justify practice (Simko, 2005). Mantzoukas (2008) indicated that evidence based practice leads to effective decision making leading to enhanced clinical performance. A literature review with a critical approach is considered to be the best method of synthesizing evidence. This means a critique of scientific research based literature can reveal evidence which can be used in practice (Mantzoukas, 2008). To this end, a critique of literatures on the topic of nursing methods of postoperative pain management will be conducted, so an evidence base may be created that can inform practice. A critique of relevant literature can provide information on a clinical problem through the use of research knowledge. This can be done through location of relevant studies, review of the studies in the problem area, summarizing what is known, identifying what is unknown, and recognising the gaps in the knowledge. Thus the critique can support or refute practice or identify a new way of intervention (Scott & McSherry, 2009). Miaskowski (2005) indicated that effective postoperative management of pain is a significant clinical problem. Although there are established clinical practice guidelines, it is a fact that postoperative pain is often treated inadequately. Some studies have indicated that despite receiving analgesic management, about 75% of the patients have moderate to severe postoperative pain. In most of the cases, it has been demonstrated that the healthcare professionals often underestimate pain. In some cases, inadequate knowledge of the healthcare professionals about opioid use and side effects has been attributed to such gaps in postoperative pain management (Miaskowski, 2005). Moreover, there are certain very prominent ill effects of inadequate postoperative pain management, which can be detrimental to the wellbeing of the patient. Some of these substantiate the need for evidence based practice in this area. These are prolonged recovery, increased stay and cost, and decreased patient satisf action (Michel & Sanders, 2002). Physiologically, inadequate resolution of postoperative pain is also not desirable due to adverse physiological responses of the patient, which specially in postoperative phase may make the recovery problematic. Therefore, there is a need for evidence based practice, and critique of relevant research articles and synthesis of information could be the best way (Tracy, Dufault, Kogut, Martin, Rossi, & Willey-Temkin, 2006). Literature Search Strategy From the University database and library, a literature search was conducted based on the key words "postoperative pain", "postoperative pain management", "nursing", and "best methods" or "best practice." A combination of words were used to search the literature, and out of about 100 different studies located, only three of them were selected for this critical review in order to synthesize the evidence. Literature Review Shapiro et al. (2003) in their study compared the analgesic efficacy of three different methods in postoperative

Proposal writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Proposal writing - Essay Example It is very important not to omit the mission statement in the writing. It should demonstrate the company’s goals and expectations. Each proposal is based on a particular budget. The latter consists of the following elements: 1) management, 2) labor, 3) facilities and equipment, 4) materials, 5) travel and 6) communication. It is necessary to mention that there are several types of budget. They are: itemized budgets, nonitemized budgets, fixed budgets, flexible budgets, fixed costs, variable costs and semivariable costs. Despite all costs, there are many benefits of proposal. They are hard and soft benefits. Hard benefits stand for the guantifiable outcomes of the project that are easy to see, measure or read. Soft benefits mean abstract things you will get in the process of working with the company. It may be trust, satisfaction, confidence, efficiency, etc. The success of the proposal is begun with its introductory part. To prepare a perfect introduction it is necessary to do the following things: 1) identify the subject of the paper, 2) introduce the purpose of the writing, 3) suggest some main point to prove in the paper, 4) persuade the readers that this subject is very significant, 5) give some background information, 6) foresee the organization of the writing. Conclusion is as important as introduction; here the main point of the proposal should be

Psychology :: essays research papers

Talk Show Tension Jerry, Jerry, Jerry†¦ Everyday, this chant is heard by millions of people watching the now infamous talk show, Jerry Springer. Even though just a few years ago, most people regarded these shows as ridiculous, now this chant is recognized and adored by many people in society. The most parsimonious explanation for this is that the shows now have more interesting and captivating topics. The premise of most episodes of these shows has changed greatly over the past few years; The topics have moved away from large scale social issues, like homosexuality and cancer, to relationship and familial issues, like adultery and mothers who are too flirtatious with their daughter's boyfriends. Many people would argue that the issues being presented now are not as interesting or captivating as the older issues. However, after watching an old episode and a new episode, most people agree that the emotions displayed by the guests in the newer shows are more visible, with actions such as onstage yelling and fighting. The general emotional content of the episodes has changed from sadness to anger. From a psychological standpoint, there are many influences that cause extreme anger to be displayed by the guests on talk shows. Imagine being a guest on the Jerry Springer show, as you walk onto the stage you see the large audience chanting those infamous words. You sit down next to your fiancà ©e not knowing what to expect, you are nervous and anxious. Finally, Jerry says those terrible words, So, don't you have something to tell your fiancà ©? She turns to you, looks into your eyes and says, Remember about a month ago when I disappeared at that party at your house? Well, that night your brother and me left the party early. I'm sorry, I have been sleeping with your brother for the past month. Suddenly, the anxiousness that you experienced is gone and replaced by anger, intense anger. You turn to Jerry as he asks you, Wow, she has been cheating with your brother, how does this make you feel? Your anger only gets more intense, you ramble to your ex-fiancà ©e and ask her how she could do such a thing. Again, Jerry interrupts the moment and yells into the microphone, Alright lets get the brother out here! As you see your brother walk through the door, you again hear that irritating chant echoing through the crowd.

Ordering system Essay

Online Ordering Bookshop system is commonly used by most of the establishment. The group dedicated to convert the manual system into automated system because most of the establishments are now using automated system. In the present generation there are many instant ways on how to buy stuff. Going directly to the store is sometimes a hassle thing to do. You would feel disappointed if the product that you want is already out of stock. In order to lessen the inconvenience, most businesses implement an ordering system through phone, and through innovations of technology, some businesses today are engaging in an online ordering system to help them monitor their products easily and give their customers better service. There are still many businesses today which are not aware of what online technology to apply to their business. 1.2 Problem Statement A purchasing system is an important tool for businesses that can be critical for a healthy business operation. It primarily helps vendors to offer their products online, thus, reaching more possible customers. Considering the advantages of having an online purchasing system for stores, still a lot of businesses are not able to enjoy its benefits mainly because of costs from the development and maintenance of such systems. With this reality, only those big businesses are able to profit from this system, widening the gap of the competition. 1.3 Objectives of the Study 1.3.1 General Objective The goal is to develop an online business platform for book vendors and book enthusiasts. 1.3.2 Specific Objective To comply with the general objective, the study must accomplish the following: 1. To create a system that will register different book vendors and their products that will be available for sale online. 2. To create a system that would allow customers to browse, search and buy offered products. 3 Design a system that could generate reports for reference of parties involved. 2 1.4 Conceptual/Theoretical Framework The concept used is the Input-Process-Output (IPO) by Kenneth E. Kendall and Julie E. Kendall (1997) in their book entitled â€Å"SAD 3rd Edition(1997)† referred to as an overview diagram. InputProcessOutput Figure 1.0 Conceptual Framework Figure 1.0 show the theoretical framework that was followed in the development of the system. The input phase shows where the data and information was gathered. The process phase includes the analysis of the acquired information’s as well as the development, design and testing of the system. The output phase will be the proposed study. 3 1.5 Significance of the Study The proposed system will be beneficial to Book traders that can’t afford the cost of developing and maintaining their own purchasing system and for book shoppers who wanted a one-stop shop for their favorite/needed reading materials. 1.6 Scope and Limitation The scope of the proposed system resides on the ability to cater purchases online and generate reports of registered users/vendors, added products and the transactions occurred. This study mainly focuses on the concept of online purchasing, thus, delimits the actual inventory of the products per see. 4 1.7 Definition of Terms Application – A computer program with a user interface. Develop – To bring from latency to or toward fulfillment Diagram – A plan, sketch, drawing, or outline designed to demonstrate or explain how something works Figure – A written or printed symbol representing something other than a letter, especially a number. Framework – A fundamental structure, as for a written work. Generate – To produce as a result of a chemical or physical process Information – Knowledge derived from study, experience, or instruction. Input – Something put into a system or expended in its operation to achieve output or a result Inventory – A detailed, itemized list, report, or record of things in one’s possession, especially a periodic survey of all goods and materials in stock. Internet – An interconnected system of networks that connects computers around the world via the TCP/IP protocol. Online – Connected to a computer or computer network. Output – The information produced by a program or process from a specific input. Phase – A distinct stage of development Process – A running software program or other computing operation. Scope – The area covered by a given activity or subject. System – An organized and coordinated method; a procedure Transaction – A record of business conducted at a meeting; proceedings. 5

The History Of The Entrepreneuring Company Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1676 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Business Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Question 2: Visit the websites of three major organizations in your region. Find out where their facilities are located. Explain some factors which should be considered while evaluating location options for a facility because globalization has made consumers expect the best products at the lowest prices irrespective of where they are produced. Companies are under competitive pressure to engage in global production and service operations due to the rapid growth of global markets Solution: Plant Location can be affected by a number of factors. Some of these factors are: Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The History Of The Entrepreneuring Company Business Essay" essay for you Create order Primary Factors: (a) Nearness to Customers: Nearness to customer helps a plant to incorporate customer needs into the products being made in the unit. Finished goods to customers can reach faster and in less cost. There is less chance of breakage or damage during transportation. (b) Nearness to raw materials: Cost of raw material input is a large cost in case of manufactured goods. The time cost of transporting raw material is less if the plant is located near the source of raw material. For example, thermal power plants are located near to the coal mines. (c) Supply of capital: Short term and long term funds are required for any manufacturing or service industry. A company decides to locate its plant in such a location where fund movement is hassle free. (d) Logistic facilities and Infrastructure: Adequate roads, rail, phone, postal and transportation facilities are to be considered while deciding on the location of plant and service facilities. (e) Skilled labor Supply: Regular suppl y of skilled labor is one of the major factors to be considered while deciding on the plant or service location. Example: Software companies are located in Bangalore, Hyderabad and New Delhi. (f) Business Climate: Companies must find a positive business climate or environment in the area, state or a country to set-up manufacturing or service facility there. (g)Push and Pull Factors: Factors that draw a business away from a certain location are push factors. These include increasing costs, more competition, a reduction in demand or poor communication and transportation systems. Conversely, those that pull a business toward a location are lower labor costs, a growing consumer base, government incentives, improved transportation and communication systems. (h) Competition: When your business relies on the local community for support, youll need to check out the competition. In some cases, being near several similar businesses is an advantage because it draws a consumer group to that area. So, if you are retailing teen fashions, being near to other similar stores could be helpful. The same is true of fast food or quick restaurants, and gas stations. However, if you need the bulk of the market share, such as a grocery or after school program, youll want to choose a location where you are the primary servicer of that market segment. Secondry factors: Host community and political factors: The community near the industry proposed location should be willing to welcome the new industry. Local people should feel that there will be improvement in their quality of life due to the new industry Natural Factor: Land, water, climate condition, sources of material attract and help some industries Example: Tea industry, cotton industry, coffee industry,coconut oil industry etc. Historical factors: Capitals of old kingdoms of yesteryears, large religious places sometimes attract companies to set up their plants. Initial start and living conditions: Some industries were started earlier in certain places during the British era in its early stages. The industries since then have developed making good living conditions. The related industries start getting located in the place. e.g: Jamshedpur, Kirloskarwadi. Personal factors: The history of the entrepreneuring company or family or personal considerations play a key role in loca tion decision. Government policies: Government play their own role in the location decision of new industries. The Government of India and the state governments have made special efforts in making industries grow and made manufacturing and service units all over India with a view to have a balanced developmental spread all over the country and the region. Environmental considerations: Environmental issues for certain industries for a particular location are to be checked before deciding on location. International factors: For companies deciding to go overseas for locating a unit for manufacturing or service must consider behavioral aspects, cultural differences, technology, government policies etc Apart from location, there are other aspects to be considered while setting up a new business enterprise. These are: Imagination Maybe you have an idea for a new business, or there may be an interesting business for sale in your area. Either way, its critical that you see the potential and risks to help inform your decisions as you move forward.Your community may lack a certain retail or service business, or there may be a business for sale that you believe you could sustain and improve. You might have ideas that would lead you to build a business that competes with a similar one, believing you can provide higher quality products, more variety or better and/or faster service. If you a need for a business and believe it could work, its just a matter of finding a client base to satisfy. Research A feasibility study reveals, in statistical data, the size of your potential customer or client base. State governments put great volumes of demographic data on their economic development websites, so you can gather counts of individuals, numbers of households, age brackets, education and income levels and other demographic informationall identifiable by zip code, county and community.If your idea involves school children, you can find data relative to student enrollments by age, gender and school district, for public, private, parochial and home-schooled children. Specific state agencies have data on preschool children, children in foster care and those who are otherwise wards of the state, as well as all manner of data on seniors and incarcerated individuals. Analytical Skill Once youve gathered sufficient data about your potential trade area, you should estimate how many people and geographies dont fit your model. For example, your bicycle shop might find many more customers in a community in the central plains states, where the topography is relatively flat, than in downtown San Francisco, which is full of very steep hills. In addition, some communities advertise themselves as being bicycle-friendly. Your demographic data might suggest that opening a day care business in a predominantly retirement-aged community is a bad idea because there are not enough children to support your operating expenses. Use conservative estimates to determine your potential market and market share. Loan officers and potential investors want certainty that you havent padded the numbers to increase revenue projections, so be prepared to defend your numbers. Business Plan Write a comprehensive business plan that includes sections on management (your experience and fitness for the specific effort you propose), operations (how youll actually conduct the business), marketing (how youll reach your target audience) and key advisers and staff (where will you get the human capital to ensure success). Your plan should also include data from the feasibility study that supports your estimates of market share and the time line to profitability. Again, use conservative estimates of revenues and liberal estimates of expenses. Funding sources will want confidence that youve thought things through carefully and thoroughly. Time Frame You may have the luxury to work full-time on your project, but if you have a day job that requires your attention then youll have to set aside evening and weekend hours to set up your business. Getting permits, licenses, FDA approval and patents take time. You might get a building permit or a business license in a few days, but FDA approval for a food or cosmetic product can take years. Patent research in the hands of a dedicated patent attorney takes time and can be expensiveas much as $30,000 or more. The same holds true if youre renovating a property and your new effort requires an architects stamp, which might cost 10 percent of the construction cost. Simply put, plan on having your project take more time than you originally thought. Funding Sources You may start your business with your own funds, then get support from friends and family. The next layer of funding can be a bank or Small Business Administration loan. SBA funding typically tops out at $150,000. Beyond that there are angel investors, who are individuals of means who take financial risks with entrepreneurs in return for an expected high return on their investment (ROI).If your project requires large sums of investment money, you may be able to find venture capital called professional money with a solid, conservative business plan. Venture capital money requires a very high ROI, though, because of the great risk of failure among start-up businesses Tax increment financing (TIF) funds help entrepreneurs rehabilitate distressed properties in certain communities. While TIF funds are set up as loans, some, most or all of the funding can be forgiven if the entrepreneur and the new business satisfy certain requirements, such as creating a certain number of jobs. Other Considerations and Resources Along the way, youll probably need the advice and counsel of an accountant, attorney, contractor or architect.The SBA has offices in most major cities and a number of medium-sized ones as well.Become familiar with the National Business Incubator Association (NBIA). Incubators provide physical space and certain amenitiesperhaps phone, fax, copy and Internet serviceat no or minimal cost. They can provide access to consulting, accounting, legal and other resources, again at zero or minimal cost. They may charge a modest rent or take an equity position in your new company. In some cases the incubator may take a royalty or share in your licensing revenues. Assignment Submission Form (For office use only) Enrollment No. : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Name : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Course : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Batch : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Section : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Subject Name : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Subject Code : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Topic of assignment (Project) : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Faculty Name : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Date of submission of assignment : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Signature of Student ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Receipt Assignment Submission Form Enrollment No. : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Name : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Course : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Batch : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Section : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Subject Name : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Subject Code : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Topic of assignment (Project) : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Faculty Name : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ Date of submission of assignment : ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦ÃƒÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¦. Signature of receiver Stamp(office)

Black Subjectivity Debate Essay - 1156 Words

| | | REGINALD JONES | 9/30/2010 | | America can never hide its dirty secret, but they will toil continuously to conceal this. Slavery is indeed the most atrocious act in American history. Just stating the facts is horrible, and this so dearly infuriates me to say this, but humans was brutally forced into armadas and compelled to capitulate what little rights of life they actually had. Families were interspersed, religion was lost, native glots were cut, and most importantly their identity was deleted. By the same token, how does one rebound from something like this enslavement? Unfortunately, there was no rebound; Therefore, Negros’ cultural instability was unspontanious. That is, they were breed intentionally to be†¦show more content†¦Booker T. Washington’s opinion on social equality was flagrantly different than Dubois’s opinion. Booker T. Washington was a former slave, so naturally I feel he was a fairly passive individual, yet very intelligent. But in respect to social equality, Wash ington felt equality was superfluous. As Washington explains in Atlantic Exposition Address, that he was called to deliver on behave of the Negro race. Washington fosters: Casting down your bucket among my people, helping and encouraging them as you are doing on these ground, and to education of the head, hand, and heart, you will find that they will buy your surplus land, make blossom the waste places in your field and run your factories. While doing this, you can be sure in the future, as in the past, that you and your families will be surrounded by the most patient, faithful, lawabiding, and unresentful people that the world has seen. As we have proved our loyalty to you in the past, in nursing your children, watching by the sickbed of your mothers and fathers, and often following them tear-dimmed eyes to their graves, so in the future, in our humbles ways, we shall stand by you with a devotion that no foreigner can approach, ready to lay down our lives, if need be, in your defense†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.In all things that are purely social we can be as separate as the fingers, yet one as the hand in all things essential to mutual progress (Washington 596)Sh ow MoreRelatedThe Beauty Of The Beholder1198 Words   |  5 Pagesroom for debate, discussion, and consideration. In order to comprehend beauty in an objective form versus a subjective form, the difference between the two need clarification. Objective truths are based on facts pertaining to the physical and material world. Primary qualities for example, are objective. The size, shape, and motion of a substance remain true whether or not there is someone present to perceive these things. On the other hand, secondary qualities are subjective. Subjectivity requiresRead MoreI Will Debate My Middle1379 Words   |  6 PagesI hold the following position- Must Not, Must, Can. I will debate my middle â€Å"must† with a middle â€Å"must-not† position. In essence, this would be debating my middle â€Å"must† against the Friedman-ian point of view. Friedman and the supporter of his views argue that for all publically traded firms, CEOs are agents of the shareholder, and by virtue of them being in that role, their primary fiduciary responsibility is to watch the interest of the shareholders and maximize the returns to the shareholdersRead MoreAs Shown By The British Security Service Mi5 And The French858 Words   |  4 Pageshowever highly contested and at the heart of much debate and research with no universal definition recognized yet (Weinberg et al., 2004). This is partly due to the fact that definitions of terrorism are often influenced by the perspective of those who view those acts of violence as acts of terror. First used by Seymour (1975) in his novel Harry’s hand, the now famous saying â€Å"one man’s terrorist is another man’s freedom fighter† highlights the subjectivity implied in viewing and analyzing terrorism. DependingRead MoreThe Today s Society s Matters908 Words   |  4 Pageshun ted everyday with inequality in workforce,American society, judicial system,education and etc. Racial Minorities are encountered in a very poorly manner, arguably minorities blame â€Å"white supremacy, white privilege† being the reason why a chain of black lives have been lost due to â€Å"police brutality† . People in the United states are labeled by the exterior and often forgiveful in the reality of people being the same in the interior. Despite the rough patches America has faced, America will neverRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King s Make America Great Again Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pageshunted everyday with inequality in workforce, American society, judicial system, education and etc. Racial Minorities are encountered in a very poorly manner, arguably minorities blame â€Å"white supremacy, white privilege† being the reason why a chain of black lives have been lost with â€Å"police brutality† . People in the United states are labeled b y the exterior and often forgiveful in the reality of people being the same in the interior. Despite the rough patches America has faced, America will never beRead MoreEssay about The Power of Words1409 Words   |  6 Pagesubiquitous in society. The spread of racism feeds effectively on such ignorance. American children of the early 1900s grew up in a society of distinct black and white. The younger generations mind were easily cultivated to accept racism through frequent and normalized exposure to prejudice words associated with the black population such as coloured, different and inferior. Even some vocabularies used today generate race-specific images such as ghetto. AnotherRead MoreNow Is The Winter Of Our Discourse By Al Pacino s Documentary, Looking For Richard871 Words   |  4 Pagesrolls his eyes at Kimball s theory and opens a question to the rest of the crew, â€Å"Does anyone have a better thing than Frederic on this?† (Pacino, Looking for Richard). This question leads into the discussion of who is the authority on Shakespeare. A debate in which critics, scholars, performers, and the general public have been attempting to answer for ages. From that conversation, the scene then opens with a medium shot, centering the frame towards a half body shot of Kimball. Kimball s arms areRead MoreNew York’S Stop And Frisk Laws Started In 2004, Heightening1391 Words   |  6 Pagesand Frisk policy racially discriminates their community regarding â€Å"blacks† and â€Å"Latinos† by stopping and frisking them. The new law in place wrongfully stops people based on the officer perceiving that the person looks or acts â€Å"criminal†. For example, Mathias from the Huffington Post writes, â€Å"Almost 90 percent of the people stopped that year were completely innocent of a criminal offense, and 87 percent of those stopped were black or Latino† (Mathias, 2015). Based on that data, it is impossible toRead MoreEssay on Colonial Oppression of Women1123 Words   |  5 PagesColonial and Postcolonial debates along with the issues of Feminism have always been challenging discourses. The present day world w ith the constant cultural encounters and clashes as well as the ideas regarding pluralism and multiculturalism motivates a curiosity on the part of the onlooker to search the answer to the question who is who in todays world when there is a continuous struggle between different countries not only politically and militarily but also culturally. In this situation theRead MoreSwansea Love Story By Leo Leigh And Andy Capper931 Words   |  4 Pages As a species, humans have been getting high since the prehistoric age. Drugs have been with us for a long time. Whether drug use is for the greater good or worse has been a subject of debate for social and scientific communities ever since the disciplines came into existence. While drugs have advanced us a species, with modern medicines such as penicillin and the vaccine for polio, drugs, have also hindered us as well with issues such as drug wars and drug addictions. In the documentary Swansea

The Egyptian Cultural Heritage Program Essay - 1167 Words

Overview Fekri Hassan has an out-standing and expansive resume, he is a well accomplished archaeologist who has been the President of the Egyptian Cultural Heritage Organization, Director of the Cultural Heritage Program at the French University in Egypt, President of the International Water History Association and many more. (UCL Institute of Archaeology). Additionally, the time and length of Hassan’s career spans more then 30 years of experience in the field of archeology (UCL Institute of Archaeology). He began his career in 1963 as a teaching assistance in the department of geology in Cairo University in Egypt (UCL Institute of Archaeology). He went on to participate in many research projects and fieldwork from about 1968 until 2009 (UCL Institute of Archaeology). Furthermore, in 2011 Hassan was the editor-in-chief of the UNESCO benchmark reference series, History of Water and Civilization (UCL Institution of Archaeology). Hassan has been employed as a professor at the Washington State University, University College London, Uppsala University, University of Rome La Sapienza and many more (UCL Institute of Archaeology). In addition, he has been employed as a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, Holocene, Water policy: The Journal of the World Water Council, Adumatu and the Egyptian Literary Periodical (UCL Institute of Archaeology). Hassan is the emeritus Petrie Professor of Archaeology at one of the most respected centers ofShow MoreRelatedThe Nile River-Egypt1187 Words   |  5 Pagesthe most important water sources in the world and has an extremely rich history dating back thousands of years. Without the Nile, the ancient Egyptian civilization would have never existed. Egypt is basically a whole lot of sand and not much else, except they have the Nile River flowing through it, on it’s way to the Mediterranean sea. The ancient Egyptians lived along the N ile River and it provided them with abundant water, food (fish) and the opportunity to develop agriculture along it’s banks.Read MoreInfluential Factors for an Effective Leader1416 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Were CP Chinas changes to the CMF marketing launch program justifiable? Burtons objective was to market Colgate Max Fresh (CMF) as global venture. Each country had its own assumptions and trends that would make certain products popular. For CMF to appeal to a Chinese market it had to investigate and target those specific selling appeals. Del Levin, who was in charge of conducting RD for Colgate in Asia, discovered that that whilst a potentially huge market existed for the product it beingRead MoreHow Did Ancient Egyptians Culture On The Rights Of Its People2283 Words   |  10 Pages I will discuss how Ancient Egyptians culture on the rights of its people can be connected to how Blacks fought for their rights, discuss how the Black Power Movement and the Civil Right Movement helped bring equality, discuss how the Black Studies program at San Francisco State University was implemented, and how Black studies called for culturally grounding, academic excellence, and social relevance in its teachings. At the beginning of times, the Ancient Egyptians created a strong civilizationRead MoreEssay about How I Became Unbias of Different Cultures558 Words   |  3 Pagestake place within them cultivate educational endeavor. My fascination for such environments throughout my life has motivated me to interact with a wide spectrum of people of varying cultures, and in turn those experiences have morphed me free of cultural bias. The numerous experiences I have encountered during my life, short yet insightful, have allowed me to grasp a variety of values and refined reasoning. The account of my participation in my Muslim Youth Group allowed me to fully embrace diversityRead MoreEgyptian Higher Education Essay1229 Words   |  5 PagesThe Egyptian ancient people had concerned with education and science; the put the first step in human civilization by inventing writing which had a great role to spread education in early period. The preserved their civilization through language and old herita ge.(service 2008) Elsadda (2008) has referred to the Arab human development report published in 2003, entitled â€Å"building a knowledge society†, this report emphasis the reasons which stand behind the crisis in higher education, they were summarizedRead MoreCharacteristics of the Modern Nation-State Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesEgypt’s identity is closely tied to its location and their long history. Egyptian’ are and Arabic speaking nation-state with a diverse culture and heritage as a modern nation-state. Their development, over the centuries, saw conflicting beliefs but, most Egyptians today see themselves, their history, culture, and language as specifically Egyptian. Mr. Kamel states that the, â€Å"Egypt’s leading roles in Middle Eastern in cultural and political affairs, generally dominates Egypt’s relations with otherRead MoreWhat Makes Turkey And Dubai Two Of The Top Ten Highest Grossing Touristic Destinations?2429 Words   |  10 Pageshotel sector and good travel links with many key source markets. The main destinations in Egypt are Cairo, Sharm el sheikh, hurghada and luxor and aswan. But there are a lot of another destinations in Egypt that are not well known, So In 2007, the Egyptian Tourism Federation started doing a full strategic market planning report on Taba and Nuweiba two Sinai Peninsula towns with considerable potential for tourism that can increase Egypt’s economy, to turn both areas into investment or economic regionsRead MoreMuseums Essays10752 Words   |  44 Pagesvisitors can be entertained, inspired, and introduced to new ideas. Museums enrich local cultural life and make communities more appealing places to live and to visit. For  society  as  a  whole, museums provide valuable intangible benefits as sources of national, regional, and local identity. They have the singular capacity to reflect both continuity and change, to preserve and protect cultural and natural heritage while vividly illustrating the progression of the human imagination and the natural worldRead MoreThe Language Of The Aztec People Essay1618 Words   |  7 Pagessucceed with speaking Spanish rather than someone who can speak an indigenous language and this can be an issue in preservation of the language for future generations. Although, the Mexican government is currently investing in creating bilingual programs for the preservation the Aztec language. Although, children are encouraged to use the language in their regular activity the issue of classism plaguing the use of the language. Nà ¡huatl language is considered a dead language, but what exactly makesRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility - Hilton3197 Words   |  13 Pageslocations in major city centers, near airports, convention centers, and a number of vacation resorts and leisure-oriented hotels in popular vacation destinations around the world. The companys  Hilton HHonors  guest loyalty program is one of the largest of its kind  and has numerous partnerships with  airlines  and  car rental companies. Some Hilton Hotels feature an Executive Level lounge for HHonors Gold and Diamond members and those willing to pay for Executive Rooms.

Did the wall street crash cause the great deppression Free Essays

In the commencing essay, I will be evaluating whether the Wall street crash caused the Great Depression or not. I will be discussing whether is has played a major part in the Great Depression, whether it was just a minor incident. The Wall Street Crash was a defining moment in the American economic history. We will write a custom essay sample on Did the wall street crash cause the great deppression? or any similar topic only for you Order Now It occurred on October 29, 1929. Before this, the American economy was booming. During the 1920’s, share prices were rapidly increasing and businesses were doing very well. The image the world received from America was that that everyone was rich, which wasn’t. The farmers were given very small amounts of money for their work. This meant that people had more money so more products were being sold. There was a lot of speculation that share prices would continue to rise. However, in 1929, the stock markets began to fall dramatically and caused devastating effects on the American economy. This was the beginning of long-lasting consequences for the whole country, and the world. The Great Depression was a long gradual period in which America suffered great economic depression, during which financial activity slowed down and unemployment was high. America had a high rate of starvation, homelessness and poverty. People were living in poor conditions with very little money. There were a few causes of the Wall street crash. One was overproduction. Throughout the 1920’s there was a man known as Henry Ford began to produce cars at an extremely rapid rate. The amount of goods produced by the industry was increasing especially these auto mobiles,l and consumer goods. However, this was stopped from the 1930’s. As a result of overproduction, there was not enough wealth for people to keep on buying. The second cause was the weakness in banks. At the start of 1920, there were 30,000 independent banks. Most of these were small banks, in rural areas. They were liable to being withdrawn loans by their customers in large amounts. 10 years later, 5000 banks were gone, which was 1/6th of the country’s banks. Another main reason was the extremely uneven distributions in income. In 1929, a staggering 1/3 of the country’s wealth belonged to just 5% of the population. Meaning that just 2/3 belonged to 95%. This was a factor of overproduction as limited amount of people in the country could afford new products. Probably the main reason why the Wall Street Crash happened was that there was an international problem with the economy. The ability of the European country’s being able to sell goods to America and helping them out with debts, was limited by a Tariff policy which was introduced. This policy (Smoot-Hawley Tariff) was increasing the tax on imports. As a result they were not helped and assured by European countries with trades. This Wall Street Crash impacted many things. As well as the economic downfall, it also caused banks to come to bankruptcy. People borrowed money from the banks, and when the Wall Street crash happened, they were unable to pay the banks back. More than $8.5 billion was loaned out, which is even more than the entire American economy. This great crash also affected the everyday lives of the American citizens. Over 20 million American citizens lived on $2000 per year. People lost their jobs because the business they worked for couldn’t afford their wages. So people began to work in the agriculture. Also, all businesses were struggling to survive in this crash. Share prices increased rapidly, and the businesses were unable to pay for their stock. This was a cycle which inflicted on each other, and each one started from the other. The Wall street Crash itself was not the sole reason of the Great Depression. There was very severe drought in the 1930 in the USA, which impacted America even more. If the farmers were unable to grow crops, how would they receive money, and feed their families? If the businesses do not receive the crops, how would they be able to keep receiving profits? As a result, these farmers had to sell their land. This was when famous author John Steinbeck wrote the book ‘The Grapes of Wrath’, which was based on this drought. Also, the Smoot-Hawley Tariff as mentioned above, was a vital part in this depression, as trades were limited. In conclusion about whether the Wall Street Crash caused the Great Depression, personally I believe that the Wall Street Crash was not the sole reason for the Great Depression, but was definitely the main reason. If there was no economic downfall, the Great Depression would not have happened. The Wall street crash opened doors for many different problems, such as bankruptcy. If the Wall street crash itself did not happen, these things would not have occurred. How to cite Did the wall street crash cause the great deppression?, Papers

Boundries of Artificial Intellegence Essay Example For Students

Boundries of Artificial Intellegence Essay Perhaps one of the most complex pieces to the human puzzle is our sense of humor. A sense of humor not only involves intelligence and comprehension but also an array of emotions. It is not enough to just understand something humorous, but it is also necessary that an emotional and physiological response be able to occur for a person to have a sense of humor. However, though there is much involved in getting a joke, there are even more factors involved in telling a joke(Ziv 27). This is, unfortunately, an oversimplified explanation of what a sense of humor entails, as many people have their own opinion about what a sense of humor is. It is possible that we may be able to measure the level of humor a joke has. It would seem that the greater the positive reaction a joke can evoke and the larger the amount of people it effects, the funnier a joke is. Conceivably then, it can be said that though it may not be all too difficult to create a joke, creating a really good joke requires much more capability. Now that there is some establishment of what a sense of humor is, the next question is, can a sense of humor be taught? To a human, perhaps it can be, but whether a good sense of humor can be taught to a computer is doubtful. Where our technology lies today there is little chance of computers replicating true human emotion(Beale 45). As our world simultaneously shrinks and expands through the growing abilities and applications of computers in our everyday lives, it seems that the role of the computer has been reversed. Before we knew that the computer only understood what we programmed it to understand; however, now the majority of our society is learning more from computers than they are able to input into it. As stated, it only seems that the roles are being reversed, because somewhere far down at the beginning of the line someone is programming the computer. However, a transition is occurring among computer programmers, as they attempt to create machines that learn rather than machines that must be programmed. It has become the hope of many engineers that the mechanisms of human thought could be precisely modeled and simulated on a computer. This is known as Artificial Intelligence(Artificial 3). Artificial Intelligence, or AI, since its conception, has grown from a dozen researchers, to thousands of engineers and specialists; from programs capable of playing checkers, to systems designed to diagnose disease(Dumm 4). With all that the computer is learning now a new question arises: How long before a computer can learn to understand and execute the attributes of a good sense of humor? It is believed that the theory of AI has existed long before recorded, but was not made conceivable until the invention of the electronic computer in 1941(Dreyfus 6). Since then many scientists and engineers have been working on a way to make the computer more human. Once it was noticed that the computer could perform simple tasks such as mathematical problems and memory recall much faster than humans the idea began that they should become more like us(Beale 2). However after almost sixty years scientists have still not been able to create AI in the sense that they had hoped. Even the Intelligence that they have given computers, which at the time was considered a triumph in reaching towards AI, is no longer considered valid(Kurzweil 14-16). This includes such simple machines as intelligent chess boards and other programs for elementary games. In the mid 1960s, however, Marvin Minsky created and interactive computer program that many believed to be Artificial Intelligence. Though Minsky was even doubtful of his achievement another scientist, Joseph Weizenbaum, quickly stepped forward with an even stronger representation of AI. This new program was called Eliza and was able to imitate a nondirective therapist. This form of AI was extremely believable to those who tested it, but Weizenbaum promptly explained the simplicity of his program. He then pointed out the directions and commands the program used to fake comprehension(Dreyfuss 69-72). Weizenbaum proved through his contest that both his and Minskys programs were little more .

Command and control style of management

Introduction The Command and control management method usually takes the form of a military management style. A manager- employee relationship is a mutual agreement whereby it should always be a â€Å"win- win† situation between the two parties (Linstead, Lilley, Fulop, 2009, p21).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Command and control style of management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When a manager assumes an unwarranted- commanding or authoritative stance with a junior employee, the subordinate staffs feels less respected and appreciated, and will acquire a reduced desire and self- confidence to contribute. Consequently, bottom- top communication will be reduced. This consequently reduces the manager’s capacity of making sound decisions, judgments and policies to the level of demeaning their perceptiveness to competency. Human beings work harder when they possess intrinsic motivation. This means that motivation comes when employees feel they are influencing organizational performance and decisions positively (Northouse, 2007, p12). The command and control style of management operates using intrinsic motivators that lean towards authority, threats, and monetary incentives. These motivations modes substitute employees’ intrinsic and natural motivation. A style of management that endows employees with a sense of ownership of their tools, methods, and results, as well as a good feeling of collaborating with and assisting fellow stakeholder (customers, co-workers, and suppliers) is a source of intrinsic motivation (Northouse, 2007, p13). Employees perform better because they enjoy how collaborative achievement makes them feel, as well as feeling appreciated and valuable. This line of thought is known as the â€Å"psychological pay† principle. Command and control or top- down management style takes the appreciative feeling from them.Advertising Looking for essa y on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Research has reflected that individuals put more effort in undertaking tasks for people they respect, and possibly like. A manager ought to understand that the employees in the lower levels, who carry out all the manual labor, normally have a clearer perspective of the organization’s problems and challenges better than they can (Graetz, 2006, p26). A manager who has this fact in mind can obtain the employees’ efforts and support more effectively and easily in comparison to a â€Å"commander† with a mindset that he or she knows better than their junior employees can. This attitude and belief distances subordinates and mislays their respect, loyalty, and input. Worse enough, it may push them to undercut and sabotage the organization’s performance in mild ad mysterious ways, though unacceptable, just in their urge to revenge. Employees work in a dedi cated manner when they are not working under any threat. Some â€Å"commander† managers use mild threats to accomplish tasks (Northouse, 2007, p36). This may place employees in a condition where they do not foresee success. This can significantly kill an employee’s morale and work output. In addition, it does not only demotivate the employee affected, but also, for Co-workers who view the happenings, as they will dread facing the same predicament themselves. Employees actively and indirectly look down at a manger that they suspect or observe that he disrespects them and abusive (Graetz, 2006, p29). This will drastically reduce their work output, as they would be demotivated to work with the manager. Furthermore, it also results to employee turnover especially of the productive and experienced to other organizations within the industry, causing more damage to the organization. Unavoidably, once a manager acquires a negative image, it may consume much time and effort to reverse the perspective and employee attitudes towards the manager.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Command and control style of management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Therefore, a manager should put in mind that it could take a minute to damage self-image, and take years to mend the damaged image. Thus, disrespect subjected to a subordinate employee, even in private, poses an immense threat to a manger’s career. The risk of achieving a negative image is augmented for managers since; their subordinates look up to them for guidance, and they require them to be well positioned to accomplish tasks effectively and efficiently (Linstead, Lilley, Fulop, 2009, p42). In order to be successful in their roles and duties, managers are supposed to maintain a reciprocally affirmative and positive association with their employees. Command and Control Style of Leadership Assumptions First, there is the â€Å"divi de and rule† concept, which focuses on dividing the organizational staff into two clusters: those giving direction and those following the direction (Northouse, 2007, p58). Secondly, another assumption is that the role of managers is to give employees instructions on how to undertake tasks, and the role of employees is to undertake the tasks directed to them. The third assumption is that the style values obedience and loyalty. The other assumption is that the style has the right to take an arbitrator role. The fifth assumption is that it gives significance to titles, assuming that with title brings about rank and privilege. Lastly, it assumes that titles bring about deference; this is belief that employee with minor titles will contradict those with major titles, and title alone is adequate to warrant the deference.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Characteristics Shared by Managers Whose Mannerisms Match the Command and Control Assumptions They make vital decisions individually within the department; thus, managers should be obeyed, as they reveal a representation of infallibility (Linstead, Lilley, Fulop, 2009, p61). In addition, the managers play favorites, and are the only distributors of sanctions and rewards, which are dispensed according to the manager’s pleasure or displeasure. Main Problems of Command and Control The command and control style aims at acquiring information to feed into the process of decision- making, though the employees in the lower level of the organizational hierarchy are only asked to supply raw data, and not required to suggest a course of action, since that role is left for command (Northouse, 2007, p64). The employees in the lower hierarchy level are thus informed on the local situation, and not about the wider picture, from which they are barred. The managers fear that if the minor emp loyees were aware of the wider perspective, this might alter their analysis of their direct environment. Secondly, the decisions of the commander depend on the second- hand or third- hand information. In spite of the fact that the leader or manager has his eyes on the wide picture, there are high chances that the commander may be misinformed on the vital facts on the ground (Northouse, 2007, p58). Another problem is that, it takes long before information made at the top management level is transmitted down the chain of command. The last serious problem is that command and control depends on a single individual’s judgment, that is, the commander. Thus, the possibility of success and failure depends on a single individual’s decision- making expertise and skills. There is a modern model of leadership style that has emerged. According to this mode, the management and control of modern organizations requires a higher level of consultation, collaboration, and employee empowe rment (Linstead, Lilley, Fulop, 2009, p66). The decision- making process ought to be brought nearer to the consumer and leaders have to support input and innovative ideas from the entire organization. The new model supports consultation such that contemporary managers and leaders are required to undertake continuous consultations with the entire organization (Graetz, 2006, p38). The consultations must result to a consensus prior to implementation of key policies. An organization that constantly seizes the opportunity to combat probable issues and challenges, which ensue from a new plan, has a higher chance of successfully implementing its plan. The success arises from the fact that the plan is not imposed on the employees, but rather they have imposed. A further pillar of the model is empowerment. Organizational managers and team leaders ought to be allowed enough space in choosing the best course of action within the entire strategy (Graetz, 2006, p42). Contemporary managers and l eaders ought to issue their teams the direction and goals, and then trust them to undertake quality verdicts for themselves. The contemporary leadership style also aims at shifting the decisions nearer to the consumer. In numerous organizations, the teams nearest to the consumer are best positioned to identify their needs (Northouse, 2007, p67). Contemporary leaders should set up systems to assure the requirements of all stakeholders are heard and involved in decision- making process in a sequential and structural way, as well as empower them to undertake fast and effective decisions. An additional pillar of the contemporary model is tapping organizational intelligence. The entire organization is more knowledgeable than the leadership and is an enormous resource of ideas and energy (Northouse, 2007, p58). Some contemporary organizations permit employees to influence the organizational direction by exhibiting their preference for various projects. Other organizations reward and encou rage entrepreneurial ideas from any stakeholder, and develop small ad hoc committees to explore and these ideas. The other leadership style is the achievement related style. This mainly entails instilling an inspiring purpose (Graetz, 2006, p56). A major source of enthusiasm and self- drive is a credible, clear and stimulating organizational function. This purpose is a â€Å"reason for existence† which in turn, interprets into a â€Å"purpose for being there†, which by far surpasses monetary gain. Every manager ought to underline precisely a strong reason for his unit. The purpose statement is impressive mainly because it was originated from a small company away from the attention of executives and professional wordsmith. In this style, the leader gives recognition to employees. Managers should ensure that all contributions made by employees are recognized, be they small or large. Workers have clearly stated repeatedly how much they treasure a compliment (Graetz, 2006, p59). However, the same employees are also apprehensive and distressed when the managers do not make an effort to express gratitude to them for a well-done job but are swift to condemn them for making mistakes. Instead of leaving employees contented, recognition augments their achievements, and pushing them to accomplish more. Moreover, another pillar of this style is communicating fully. Information in an organization ought not to be distributed based on â€Å"need to know†. This is normally a method of entirely, destructively, and unnecessarily, limiting information flow in an organization (Graetz, 2006, p62). Inadequate employee communication channels are one of the greatest causes of employee negative attitudes. Very few barriers should be placed in the organizational information flow in order to enhance employee morale and respect for the organization and senior managers. Follow- up on employees should be undertaken to ensure that they have clearly understood the messag e. One more aspect of this style is promoting teamwork. Most tasks require teamwork for effective accomplishment. Research has revealed that quality of group efforts in problem solving out passes the quality of work by individuals working separately. Thus, teamwork boosts employee motivation (Northouse, 2007, p70). Managers should group employees into self- managed teams handling matters such as scheduling, quality control, and costing. Such teams only demand little management efforts resulting to a favorable decline in management costs and layers. A manager requires undertaking careful assessment of the best combination of team players (Northouse, 2007, p71). Meanwhile, it is vital to develop an opportunity for cross- learning and variation of methods, ideas, and approaches. The manager should clearly inform the newly developed team of their role, the mode of its operations, and the organization’s expectations from them. Conclusion It has posed to be a complex task for the m anagement team to develop management systems that effectively encompass these principles. However, modern organizations are forced to drift towards that direction. The modern- day highly- knowledgeable and movable knowledge- workers cannot tolerate a ‘production line’ working approach. They continuously anticipate being asked for their contributions. A leader who is not tapping all the knowledge, skills, and experience of his or her Co-workers is wasting numerous talents, as well as failing to encompass employees in a combined effort to develop a high- performing and successful organization. Reference List Graetz, F. 2006. Managing organizational change. Milton: John Wiley Sons Australia. Linstead, S., Lilley, S., Fulop, L. 2009. Management and organization: a critical text. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Northouse, P. G. 2007. Leadership: theory and practice. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. This essay on Command and control style of management was written and submitted by user Jerome Gamble to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.